Heterocyclic Building Blocks-Benzothiophene

Pons, Catherine published the artcileDetection of human hepatitis anti-liver kidney microsomes (LKM2) autoantibodies on rat liver sections is predominantly due to reactivity with rat liver P-450 IIC11, SDS of cas: 40180-04-9, the main research area is cytochrome P450 hepatitis autoantibody.

Anti-liver kidney microsomes (anti-LKM2) autoantibodies, appearing in patients treated with tienilic acid and suffering from hepatitis, react with proteins in rat liver sections. The nature of the rat proteins responsible for this recognition and detection of anti-LKM2 has been investigated. Immunoblot testing of the anti-LKM2 with liver microsomes from diversely treated rats and with purified rat liver cytochromes P 450 (IA1, IA2, IIB1, IIB2, IIC6, IIC11 and IVA1) showed that these antibodies cross-reacted with cytochrome P450IIC11 and also with phenobarbital-induced cytochromes P450IIB1 and IIB2. Moreover, metabolic activation of tienilic acid and of a tienilic acid isomer by untreated rat liver microsomes was partially inhibited by anti-LKM2. On the other hand, monospecific polyclonal anti-rat P450IIC11 antibodies cross-reacted with human microsomal cytochromes P 450 and recognized the same cytochromes P 450 as anti-LKM2. This antibody also gave an immunofluorescence pattern on rat and mouse liver and kidney sections very similar to anti-LKM2. The data presented here show that anti-LKM2 recognize epitope shared by rat P 450 IIC11, and a human P 450 of the family IIC. All the results indicate rat P 450 IIC11, the major isoenzyme present in normal adult male rat liver, as the main antigen recognized by human anti-LKM2 autoantibodies; this is the basis of the immunofluorescence test for detection of these antibodies.

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics published new progress about Autoantibodies Role: BIOL (Biological Study). 40180-04-9 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 2-(2,3-Dichloro-4-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)phenoxy)acetic acid, and the molecular formula is C13H8Cl2O4S, SDS of cas: 40180-04-9.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Beaune, P. published the artcileHuman anti-endoplasmic reticulum autoantibodies appearing in a drug-induced hepatitis are directed against a human liver cytochrome P-450 that hydroxylates the drug, Quality Control of 40180-04-9, the main research area is cytochrome P450 autoantibody drug hepatitis.

Anti-liver/kidney microsome (anti-LKM) autoantibodies were found in the serum of patients with cryptogenic chronic hepatitis and with immunoallergic drug-induced hepatitis, such as those induced by halothane or by tienilic acid (called anti-LKM2 in this case). So far the nature of the human microsomal macromols. recognized by these antibodies has not been determined Here it is shown, by using immunoblot techniques, that among the macromols. present in human adult liver microsomes, one protein called cytochrome P 450-8 is specifically recognized by most sera of patients containing anti-LKM2 antibodies but not by control serum. Human fetal liver microsomes that do not contain cytochrome P 450-8 are not recognized by the anti-LKM2 antibodies. It is also shown that anti-cytochrome P 450-8 antibodies as well as human serum containing anti-LKM2 antibodies specifically inhibit the hydroxylation of tienilic acid by human liver microsomes. These results indicate that anti-LKM2 antibodies appearing in patients with hepatitis and concomitant administration of tienilic acid are directed against a cytochrome P 450 isoenzyme that catalyzes the metabolic oxidation of this drug. This suggests a possible mechanism for the appearance of anti-organelle antibodies in a drug-induced hepatitis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about Autoantibodies Role: BIOL (Biological Study). 40180-04-9 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 2-(2,3-Dichloro-4-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)phenoxy)acetic acid, and the molecular formula is C13H8Cl2O4S, Quality Control of 40180-04-9.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Beaune, Philippe published the artcileAutoantibodies to cytochrome P-450 during autoimmune hepatitis, Related Products of benzothiophene, the main research area is tienilic acid hepatitis autoantibody cytochrome P450; liver kidney microsome autoantibody drug hepatitis; autoimmune hepatitis autoantibody cytochrome.

Anti-liver/kidney microsomes (anti-LKM) autoantibodies have been found in the serum of patients suffering from different kinds of hepatitis including tienilic acid-induced hepatitis. These autoantibodies were used to study the nature of the macromol. that they recognized. By using immunoblot and immunoinhibition techniques it was shown that these autoantibodies recognized specifically human cytochrome P 450-8 (= P-450 MP or P 450-II C9); this cytochrome P-450 is also responsible for the oxidation of tienilic acid and mephenytoin and produced a reactive metabolite covalently bound to proteins. A simple scheme describing some of the steps leading to the disease is proposed. The study of other autoantibodies seems to show that the scheme which is proposed is rather general.

Colloque INSERM published new progress about Autoantibodies Role: BIOL (Biological Study). 40180-04-9 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 2-(2,3-Dichloro-4-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)phenoxy)acetic acid, and the molecular formula is C13H8Cl2O4S, Related Products of benzothiophene.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Rastogi, Gaurav K. published the artcileVisible-Light-Driven Z -Selective Reaction of Methyl Ketones with DMSO: A Mild Synthetic Approach to Methylthio-Substituted 1,4-Enedione Promoted by Selectfluor, Synthetic Route of 1468-83-3, the main research area is methylthio enedione preparation diastereoselective photochem; methyl ketone dimethyl sulfoxide Kornblum reaction aldol.

Here a simple, visible-light-driven Z-selective synthesis of methylthio-substituted 1,4-enediones I (Ar = C6H5, 3-ClC6H4, 2-furyl, etc.) in a single step promoted by Selectfluor is disclosed. DMSO is used as both the ‘thio’ source and the solvent. Mol. iodine and potassium persulfate are used as catalyst and oxidant, resp. White light (CFL-30W) is used as the light source. The proposed mechanism involves a Kornblum reaction followed by aldol reaction.

Synthesis published new progress about Aldol condensation catalysts, stereoselective. 1468-83-3 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 3-Acetylthiophene, and the molecular formula is C6H6OS, Synthetic Route of 1468-83-3.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Su, Jianke published the artcileDifluorocarbene enables to access 2-fluoroindoles from ortho-vinylanilines, Name: 3-Acetylthiophene, the main research area is vinylaniline difluorocarbene chemoselective cycloaddition; fluoroindole preparation.

Herein, an efficient and general strategy for the construction of 2-fluoroindoles in which a wide variety of 2-fluoroindoles were accessed with high efficiency and chemoselectivity was reported. Instead of starting from indole skeletons, in this strategy constructed indole scaffolds alongside the incorporation of fluorine atom on C2 position in a formal [4+1] cyclization from readily accessible ortho-vinylanilines and difluorocarbene. In this protocol, com. accessible halodifluoroalkylative reagents provide one carbon and one fluorine atom by cleaving one C-N tertiary bond and forming one C-N bond and one C-C double bond with ortho-vinylanilines. Downstream transformations on 2-fluoroindoles led to various valuable bioactive mols. which demonstrated significant synthetic advantages over previous reports. And mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction undergoes a cascade difluorocarbene-trapping and intramol. Michael addition reaction followed by Csp3-F bond cleavage.

Nature Communications published new progress about [4+1] Cycloaddition reaction (chemoselective). 1468-83-3 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 3-Acetylthiophene, and the molecular formula is C6H6OS, Name: 3-Acetylthiophene.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Xu, Yi published the artcileVinylethylene Carbonates as α,β-Unsaturated Aldehyde Surrogates for Regioselective [3 + 3] Cycloaddition, Recommanded Product: 3-Acetylthiophene, the main research area is vinylethylene carbonate alpha beta unsaturated aldehyde regioselective cycloaddition; polysubstituted terphenyl preparation.

Herein, the authors report a novel stepwise addition-controlled ring size method, to access tetrahydropyrimidines through an operationally simple [3 + 3] cycloaddition of vinylethylene carbonates with triazinanes. The authors could also use this method for a [3 + 3] oxidative cycloaddition, which allows the facile synthesis of polysubstituted terphenyls under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies suggest that vinylethylene carbonates could generate α,β-unsaturated aldehydes as 3-carbon synthons for cycloaddition via a combination process of Pd-catalyzed decarboxylation and β-H elimination.

Organic Letters published new progress about [3+3] Cycloaddition reaction (regioselective). 1468-83-3 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 3-Acetylthiophene, and the molecular formula is C6H6OS, Recommanded Product: 3-Acetylthiophene.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Sellman, R. published the artcileInduction of microsomal epoxide hydrolase by tienilic acid in the rat, Application In Synthesis of 40180-04-9, the main research area is tienilic acid microsome epoxide hydrolase.

The effects of tienilic acid (I) [40180-04-9] on drug-metabolizing enzymes in rat liver and kidneys were studied. Short-term treatment for 2 wk (450 mg/kg/day) increased the activity of microsomal epoxide hydrolase  [9048-63-9] at least 2-fold in both rat liver and kidneys. The effect of tienilic acid on the activity of microsomal epoxide hydrolase in the liver was correlated with the dose at 20-450 mg/kg/day for 14 days. Tienilic acid had only marginal effects on cytochrome P-450-mediated monooxygenases. Tienilic acid caused an approx. 2-fold increase in glucuronide conjugation of 4-methylumbelliferone in the liver. No increase in the activity of rat hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase toward o-aminophenol was detected. According to these results, tienilic acid can be regarded as one of the most specific inducers of microsomal epoxide hydrolase.

Journal of Applied Toxicology published new progress about Drug-metabolizing enzymes Role: PROC (Process). 40180-04-9 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 2-(2,3-Dichloro-4-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)phenoxy)acetic acid, and the molecular formula is C13H8Cl2O4S, Application In Synthesis of 40180-04-9.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Xu, Kai published the artcileDesymmetrization of meso-Dicarbonatecyclohexene with β-Hydrazino Carboxylic Esters via a Pd-Catalyzed Allylic Substitution Cascade, Category: benzothiophene, the main research area is desymmetrization cyclohexene carbonate hydrazino carboxylic ester allylic substitution cascade.

The desymmetrization of meso-dicarbonatecyclohexene with β-hydrazino carboxylic esters has been achieved via a RuPHOX/Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution cascade for the construction of chiral hexahydrocinnoline derivatives with high performance. Mechanistic studies reveal that the reaction exploits a pathway different from that of our previous work and that the first nitrogen nucleophilic process is the rate-determining step. The protocol could be conducted on a gram scale without any loss of catalytic behavior, and the corresponding chiral hexahydrocinnolines can undergo diverse transformations.

Organic Letters published new progress about Allylic substitution reaction (stereoselective). 1468-83-3 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 3-Acetylthiophene, and the molecular formula is C6H6OS, Category: benzothiophene.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Wang, Wenchao published the artcileMedium-Bandgap (Acceptor’-Donor)2Acceptor-Type Small-Molecule Donors Based on an Asymmetric Thieno[3,2-c]isochromene Building Block for Organic Solar Cells with High Efficiency and Voltage, Category: benzothiophene, the main research area is medium bandgap donor acceptor complex solar cell; organic solar cell heterojunction donor acceptor complex.

Small-mol. donors have a critical effect on the properties of the small-mol.-based organic solar cells (SM-OSCs). In order to develop novel small-mol. donors, two (A’-D)2A-type (A = acceptor; D = donor) small mols. (IDO-TiC-T)2-DFBT and (Rh-TiC-T)2-DFBT are designed and synthesized, in which 5,6-difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DFBT) and novel asymmetry electron-rich thieno[3,2-c] isochromene (TiC) are introduced as the central electron-accepting (A) and the armed electron-donating (D) units, resp. Also, their photoelectronic properties are studied. A significant effect of the TiC and electron-accepting (A’) end units on these properties is observed A deep HOMO energy level of -5.45 eV with a medium bandgap of 1.77 eV is exhibited. A significantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.55% is received in the (IDO-TiC-T)2-DFBT/PC71BM-based OSCs with a high open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.9 V, which is 1.38 times higher than that in the (Rh-TiC-T)2-DFBT/PC71BM-based cells. Our results illuminate that the asym. TiC unit has a great potential to build up small-mol. donors for OSCs with high PCE and VOC.

ACS Applied Energy Materials published new progress about Band gap (of small-mol. donors, for solar cells). 1468-83-3 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 3-Acetylthiophene, and the molecular formula is C6H6OS, Category: benzothiophene.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem

Ni, Zhi-Jing published the artcileEffects of sugars on the flavor and antioxidant properties of the Maillard reaction products of camellia seed meals, Computed Properties of 1468-83-3, the main research area is sugar flavor antioxidant property Maillard reaction camellia seed meal; Antioxidant; Camellia seed meal; Maillard reaction; Maillard reaction products; Protein structure.

In the present study, camellia seed meal Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were prepared using camellia seed meal protein as a raw material. The effects of MR on protein structure and volatile components of camellia seed meal were investigated by fluorescence, UV absorption, IR spectroscopy, and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. Not only the change of amino acid content in MRPs, but also the antioxidant capacity of MRPs and the antioxidant capacity after in vitro digestion were determined Our result showed that the ratio of essential amino acids in R-MRPs was increased and the antioxidant activity was the highest. For the potential of MRPs as flavoring, our sensory evaluation results showed improved flavor and antioxidant activity of camellia seed meal after MR which can be used as flavoring agents at industrial level.

Food Chemistry: X published new progress about Alcohols Role: ANT (Analyte), ANST (Analytical Study). 1468-83-3 belongs to class benzothiophene, name is 3-Acetylthiophene, and the molecular formula is C6H6OS, Computed Properties of 1468-83-3.

Referemce:
Benzothiophene – Wikipedia,
Benzothiophene | C8H6S – PubChem